List of socialists

German Social Democratic leader August Bebel

This is a list of self or otherwise proclaimed socialists. Some of these people moved away from socialism, while others espoused other ideologies before turning to socialism. There are many different views of what constitute socialism, and most socialists would feel that some of the people on this list were not true socialists. The people on this list have been nominated because they claimed to be socialists, or were very widely perceived to be by others. When a person has shifed from being one kind of socialist to another (for example, from being a communist to being a social democrat), they appear under their most recent identification.

Table of contents

1 Pioneer and utopian socialists 2 Democratic Socialists 3 Communists 4 Dissident Socialists 5 Third World and ex-Soviet Authoritarians 6 Socialist intellectuals

Pioneer and utopian socialists

François-Noel Babeuf, Ernest Bax, Louis Blanc, Louis Blanqui, Robert Blatchford, Edward Carpenter, Friedrich Engels, Charles Fourier, Morris Hillquit, H. M. Hyndman, Ferdinand Lassalle, John Lilburne, Eleanor Marx, Karl Marx, Giuseppe Mazzini, William Morris, Robert Owen, Georgi Plekhanov, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Claude-Henri de Saint-Simon, George Bernard Shaw

Democratic Socialists

A. Iso Abe, Grantley Adams, Mari Alkatiri, Salvador Allende, Kenny Anthony, Clement Attlee, Obafemi Awolowo

B. Natsagiyn Bagabandi, Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Ehud Barak, Agatha Barbara, Timoci Bavadra, Kim Beazley, August Bebel, David Ben-Gurion, Hillary Benn, Tony Benn, William Wedgwood Benn, Pierre Bérégovoy, Paul Bérenger, Aneurin Bevan, Ernest Bevin, Istvan Bibo, Tony Blair, Léon Blum, Robert Bradshaw, Willy Brandt, Karl-Hjalmar Branting, Algirdas Brazauskas, Ed Broadbent, George Brown, Gordon Brown, Gro Harlem Brundtland, Alexander Bustamante, Tubal Uriah Butler

C. Luís Cabral, Jim Cairns, James Callaghan, Lorne Calvert, Arthur Calwell, Ingvar Carlsson, Barbara Castle, Milton Cato, Mahendra Chaudhry, Hugo Chávez, Ben Chifley, Frederick Chiluba, Helen Clark, Major Coldwell, Bettino Craxi, Simon Crean, Edith Cresson, Stafford Cripps, Tony Crosland, Richard Crossman, John Curtin, Massimo D'Alema, Hugh Dalton, Luís Inácio Lula da Silva, John Clynes

D. Moshe Dayan, Eugene Debs, Joop den Uyl, H. D. Deve Gowda, Donald Dewar, Gary Doer, Takako Doi, Denzil Douglas, Tommy Douglas, Willem Drees

E. Friedrich Ebert, Tage Erlander, Levi Eshkol, H V Evatt

F. Laurent Fabius, Karl-August Fagerholm, Ferenc Farkas, Zdenek Fierlinger, Michael Foot, Peter Fraser

G. Hugh Gaitskell, Ralph Gonsalves, Felipe González, Bernie Grant, Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, Jules Guesde, Xanana Gusmão, António Guterres

H. Hugo Haase, Tarja Halonen, Chris Hani, Per Albin Hansson, Keir Hardie, Sheikh Hasina, Bob Hawke, Bill Hayden, Arthur Henderson, Harry Holland, Edward Hunter, Camille Huysmans

J. Glenda Jackson, Cheddi Jagan, Janet Jagan, Bharrat Jagdeo, Thorbjørn Jagland, Jean Jaurès, Roy Jenkins, Lionel Jospin, Anerood Jugnauth

K. Clements Kadalie, Modibo Keita, Mauno Koivisto, Paul Keating, Neil Kinnock, Norman Kirk, Wim Kok, Bruno Kreisky, Aleksander Kwasniewski

George Lansbury

L. Jack Lang (Australia), Jack Lang (France), David Lange, George Lansbury, Francisco Largo Caballero, Jack Layton, Edmond Leburton, David Lewis, Wilhelm Liebknecht, Anna Lindh, Paavo Lipponen, Patrice Lumumba

M. Ramsay MacDonald, Alexa McDonough, Audrey McLaughlin, Nelson Mandela, Peter Mandelson, Michael Manley, Julius Martov, Pierre Mauroy, James Maxton, Thabo Mbeki, Tom Mboya, Golda Meir, Pierre Mendès-France, Alun Micheal, Leszek Miller, Alexandre Millerand, Dominic Mintoff, François Mitterrand, Guy Mollet, Mike Moore, Rhodri Morgan, Herbert Morrison, Hermann Müller, Said Musa, Levy Mwanawasa

N. Fatos Nano, Walter Nash, Edward Natapei, Juan Negrín, Jawaharlal Nehru, Maria das Neves

O. Punsalmaagiyn Ochirbat, Erich Ollenhauer, David Owen

P. Rafael Paasio, Olof Palme, Geoffrey Palmer, Andreas Papandreou, George Papandreou, Shimon Peres, Göran Persson, Sandro Pertini, Pedro Pires

R. Yitzhak Rabin, Bob Rae, Navin Ramgoolam, Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Ernesto Ramos Antonini, Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Johannes Rau, John Reid, Karl Renner, Michel Rocard, Walter Rodney, Roy Romanow, Arnold Ruutel

S. Jorge Sampaio, Bernie Sanders, Alfred Sant, Giuseppe Saragat, Michael Savage, Philipp Scheidemann, Willem Schermerhorn, Helmut Schmidt, Gerhard Schröder, Kurt Schumacher, James Scullin, Eduard Shevardnadze, Jim Sillars, Costas Simitis, John Smith, Phillip Snowden, Mario Soares, Kalevi Sorsa, Paul-Henri Spaak, Thorvald Stauning, Siaka Stevens, Jens Stoltenberg, Aung San Suu Kyi

T. Väinö Tanner, Norman Thomas

U. Cassam Uteem

V. Achille Van Acker, Ronald Venetiaan

W. John Christian Watson, John Wheatley, Gough Whitlam, Shirley Williams, Harold Wilson, James Woodsworth

Y. Kumba Yala

Communists

(members of orthodox Communist parties)

Dolores Ibarruri

D. N. Aidit, Ramiz Alia, Yuri Andropov, Kanson Arahata, Jyoti Basu, Lavrenty Beria, Enrico Berlinguer, Boleslaw Bierut, Maurice Bishop, Leonid Brezhnev, Earl Browder, Josip Broz Tito, Tim Buck, Nikolai Bukharin, Nikolay Bulganin, Fidel Castro, Nicolae Ceausescu, Oldrich Cerník, Konstantin Chernenko, Vulko Chervenkov, Bernard Coard, Józef Cyrankiewicz, S. A. Dange, Angela Davis, Deng Xiaoping, Georgi Dimitrov, Milovan Djilas, Do Muoi, Alexander Dubcek, Jacques Duclos, Tetzuo Fuwa, William Gallacher, Erno Gero, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Edward Gierek, Wladyslaw Gomulka, Klement Gottwald, Andrey Gromyko, Otto Grotewohl, Che Guevara, Gus Hall, Denis Healey, Ho Chi Minh, Erich Honecker, Enver Hoxha, Hu Jintao, Hu Yaobang, Hua Guofeng, Gustáv Husák, Dolores Ibarruri, Ieng Sary, Piotr Jaroszewicz, Wojciech Jaruzelski, Jiang Qing, Jiang Zemin, Janos Kadar, Lazar Kaganovich, Mikhail Kalinin, Lev Kamenev, Stanislaw Kania, Nikita Khrushchev, Kim Il-Sung, Kim Jong-Il, Alexandra Kollontai, Aleksey Kosygin, Egon Krenz, Bela Kun, Le Duan, Le Kha Phieu, Vladimir Lenin, Li Dazhao, Li Peng, Karl Liebknecht, Lin Biao, Liu Shaoqi, Luigi Longo, Rosa Luxemburg, Georgy Malenkov, Tom Mann, Georges Marchais, Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Anastas Mikoyan, Kenji Miyamoto, Petur Mladenov, Mao Zedong, Slobodan Milosevic, Hans Modrow, Vyacheslav Molotov, Imre Nagy, Nguyen Van Linh, Nong Duc Manh, Antonín Novotný, Edward Ochab, Rajani Palme Dutt, Sylvia Pankhurst, Aristides Pereira, Pham Van Dong, Wilhelm Pieck, Nikolay Podgorny, Pol Pot, Harry Pollitt, Yevgeny Preobrazhensky, Karl Radek, Matyas Rakosi, Aleksey Rykov, Nikolai Ryzhkov, Mehmet Shehu, Kazuo Shii, Horst Sindermann, Viliam Siroký, Marian Spychalski, Joseph Stalin, Willi Stoph, Lubomír Strougal, Mikhail Suslov, Ludvík Svoboda, Ernst Thälmann, Maurice Thorez, Nikolai Tikhonov, Stanko Todorov, Palmiro Togliatti, Truong Chinh, Walter Ulbricht, Vo Van Kiet, Kliment Voroshilov, Antonín Zápotocký, Zhao Ziyang, Todor Zhivkov, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Grigori Zinoviev

Dissident Socialists

Mikhail Bakunin, Daniel Bensaid, Olivier Besancenot, James P. Cannon, Tony Cliff, Daniel Cohn-Bendit, James Connolly, Bob Crow, Daniel DeLeon, Hal Draper, Paul Foot, Emma Goldman, Ted Grant, Gerry Healy, Arlette Laguiller, Pierre Lambert, Ken Loach, Ernest Mandel, Harold Pinter, Michel Raptis, Vanessa Redgrave, Arthur Scargill, Max Shachtman, Mark Serwotka, Tommy Sheridan, Mark Steel, Mark Thomas, Leon Trotsky, David Widgery

Third World and ex-Soviet Authoritarians

Kwame Nkrumah

Askar Akayev, Heydar Aliyev, Hafizullah Amin, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Bashar al-Assad, Hafez al-Assad, Mohammed Siad Barre, Ahmed Ben Bella, Houari Boumedienne, Forbes Burnham, Joaquim Chissano, Blaise Compaoré, Abdou Diouf, José Eduardo dos Santos, Laurent Kabila, Islam Karimov, Babrak Karmal, Mathieu Kérékou, Samora Machel, Mengistu Haile Mariam, Robert Mugabe, Mohammad Najibullah, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Ne Win, Agostinho Neto, Marien Ngouabi, Saparmurat Niyazov, Kwame Nkrumah, Sam Nujoma, Julius Nyerere, Daniel Ortega, Mu'ammar Al Qathafi, Imomali Rakhmonov, France-Albert René, Saddam Hussein, Thomas Sankara, Denis Sassou-Nguesso, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Sukarno, Nur Mohammad Taraki, Maaouya Ould Taya, Sékou Touré

Socialist intellectuals

Theodor Adorno, Louis Althusser, Walter Benjamin, J. D. Bernal, Amílcar Cabral, Noam Chomsky, G. D. H. Cole, Milovan Djilas, W. E. B. Du Bois, Albert Einstein, Antonio Gramsci, Jürgen Habermas, J. B. S. Haldane, Eric Hobsbawm, Max Horkheimer, Takuboku Ishikawa, C. L. R. James, Karl Kautsky, Harold Laski, Georg Lukács, John Maclean, Herbert Marcuse, Pablo Neruda, Alfred Orage, George Orwell, Anton Pannekoek, John Reed, Victor Serge, E. P. Thompson, Beatrice Webb, Sidney Webb, H. G. Wells, Raymond Williams, Howard Zinn