Hornbeam
The
hornbeam (
Carpinus betulus), also known as
blue-beech,
ironwood, and
musclewood, is a small understory tree of the
beech family (
Betulaceae). The various common names come from the resemblance of the bark to that of the American
beech Fagus grandifolia, the hardness of the wood and the muscular appearance of the trunk. The wood is not used much due to the small size of the tree, but its hardness has lent it to toolmaking and other crafts requiring hardness over quantity.