Enclave

C is A's enclave and is B's exclave.

In human geography, an enclave is a piece of land which is totally enclosed within a foreign territory. If another country has sovereignty over it, it may also be called an exclave:

• it is an enclave of the foreign territory which surrounds it
• it is an exclave of the country which has sovereignty over it

Exclave may also exist in subnational level when a subdivision exists outside of its parent division. (See #Subnational examples)

The word 'enclave' crept into the jargon of diplomacy rather late in English, in 1868, coming from French, the lingua franca of diplomacy, with a sense inherited from late Latin inclavatus meaning 'shut in, locked up" (with a key, late Latin clavis). The 'exclave' is a logical extension created three decades later.

Table of contents

1 Countries 2 Coastal territories 3 Coastal countries 4 List of enclaves 4.1 Subnational examples 5 External link

Countries

Some enclaves are countries in their own rights, and therefore not exclaves. Examples of these include:

• the republic of San Marino
• Vatican City
• the Kingdom of Lesotho

Coastal territories

A coastal territory cannot correctly be called enclaves, since the sea is not a foreign territory, hence disqualifying it of the "enclosed on all sides by foreign territory" criteria.

• Spanish towns Ceuta and Melilla
• UK territory Gibraltar
• Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave of East Timor in Indonesian West Timor
• Cabinda, an exclave of Angola
• Russian territory Kaliningrad (which, before World War II, was the German city of Königsberg, capital of East Prussia)

Coastal countries

Countries that border just one country and the sea:

• Bahrain
• Brunei
• Canada
• Dominican Republic
• Haiti
• Ireland
• Monaco
• Papua New Guinea
• Portugal
• Qatar
• Singapore
• South Korea
• The Gambia
• United Kingdom

List of enclaves

• West Berlin (prior to the unification of Germany)
• Baarle-Hertog, a Belgian exclave in the Netherlands.
• Büsingen, German exclave in the canton of Schaffhausen, Switzerland
• Campione, Italian exclave in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland
• Llivia, Spanish exclave in France.
• Ormidhia and Xylotimbou in Cyprus, surrounded by the British Sovereign Base Area of Dhekelia
• Nahwa, an Omani enclave within Madha, which in turn is an exclave of the United Arab Emirates in Oman
• The most embodied enclave in the world is an Indian exclave called Dahala Khagrabari, which is embodied in a Bangladeshi enclave called Upanchowki Bhajni, which in turn is an enclave to the Indian exclave Balapara Khagrabari which in turn is an enclave to Bangladesh.

Subnational examples

• Kitayama Village (北山村) and Wakayama Town Enclave (熊野川町飛地) of Wakayama prefecture are located in the border between Mie and Nara prefectures.
• the traditional borders of Flintshire included a large exclave called Maelor Saesneg
• Cromartyshire traditionally has a large number of enclaves in Ross-shire

See also: List of international enclaves, and "Countries consisting of two non-contiguous parts" in the Country article.

External link

• Enclaves of the world